Massimo D'Alema (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmassimo daˈlɛːma]; born 20 April 1949) is an Italian politician who was the 53rd prime minister of Italy from 1998 to 2000. A member of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Democrats of the Left (DS), he was Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2006 to 2008. Earlier in his career, D'Alema was a member of the Italian Communist Party (PCI) and was the first former Communist party member to become prime minister of a NATO country and the only former PCI prime minister of Italy.