Jeltje van Nieuwenhoven (born 2 August 1943 in Noordwolde) is a Dutch former politician. She sat in the House of Representatives of the States General from 1981 to 2004 on behalf of the Labor Party (PvdA). Between 1998 and 2002 she was chairman of the House of Representatives, the first woman in Dutch history. In 2004, Van Nieuwenhoven left the House to become deputy of the province of South Holland. Between 2010 and 2018 she was a member of the municipal council in The Hague.